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Johnston Street Bridge is a concrete road bridge crossing the Yarra River in Collingwood, a suburb in Melbourne, Victoria. The current bridge was constructed in 1954-6 by the Victorian Country Roads Board (CRB) using a design employing cast-in-place reinforced-concrete curved Tgirders and an integral flat slab deck.〔CRB ''Annual Reports'', 1955, 1956 & 1957; Historic Drawing Files VicRoads Prospect Hill office, dwgs 17290-369, 18505.〕 The bridge was designed by Bruce A. Watson of the Country Roads Board. Watson went on to become later to become the CRB Chief Bridge Engineer.〔(National Trust Study of Victoria’s Concrete Road Bridges Vol 2, Gary Vines, 2010 )〕 The early 1837 survey for the Melbourne township established a preferred route to the east of the Yarra River along Johnston Street, which was confirmed in La Trobe's 1841 plan of proposed roads to outlying districts. This became one of the earliest road construction projects, with gangs of unemployed immigrants undertaking roadworks in 1842. Johnston Street was named a Melbourne City Councilor in 1851 and a toll gate was installed soon after. The river could be forded nearby at Dight's Falls, but advocates for a bridge over the Yarra in 1855 debated over a preferred crossing at this site or near the end of Clarke Street or near the current Collins Footbridge. Another privately owned "Penny Bridge" was provided nearby at the end of Church Street in 1857.〔Max Lay, ''Melbourne Miles The Story of Melbourne's Roads'', Australian Scholarly Publishing 2003.〕 The bridge is also known as the Studley Park Road bridge, with the first bridge having been built as a laminated timber arch with timber lattice truss spandrels in 1858〔(Bridge at Collingwood 1857 - 1876 Johnston Street Bridge ), Picture Victoria, ID: 9134, Image held by Collingwood Library, Org ID: CL PIC 286〕 and was replaced with riveted wrought iron girders in 1876.〔(National Library Digital Collection ) nla.pic-an10608594-56, Johnston Street Bridge on the Yarra, Abbotsford, Victoria, ca. 1880 (). 1880? 1 photograph : albumen silver ; 13.8 x 19.2 cm. Part of Views of Victoria, South Australia, New South Wales and Tasmania〕 A section of the original riveted wrought iron lattice handrail survives as a fence across the surviving eastern bluestone abutment. The 1876 structure was built by W. A. Shand, father-in-law of prominent ironworker and engineer, Mephan Ferguson.〔James Ferguson, ''Mephan Fergusson, a Biography'' 1992〕 The wrought iron spans were about 18 metres on the same alignment, adapting the original abutments. This was one of the first local bridges to employ cylindrical iron columns, which were filled with concrete to provide slender piers to reduce any impediment floodwaters. It is located on State Route 34 The cable tramway line opened on 21 December 1887 with the powerhouse located on the north side of Johnston Street, near Brunswick Street. ==References== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Johnston Street Bridge」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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